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Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Artichoke mottled crinkle tombusvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by D. Gallitelli, 1987. Revised 1991.

Nomenclature

Acronym

AMCV

ICTV decimal code

74.0.1.0.002

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist and vary seasonally.
• Cynara scolymus - chlorotic blotching and puckering, flower malformation and colour breaking; plants stunted.

Transmission

Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation.

Geographical distribution

Spreads in Italy (in the south).

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show necrotic local lesions, systemic mosaic, necrosis and death.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium quinoa, Ocimum basilicum - necrotic local lesions.
• Nicotiana clevelandii, N. benthamiana - systemic mosaic, necrosis, death.
• Gomphrena globosa - red-ringed local lesions.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

Nicotiana tabacum cvs Samsun, Xanthi, N. rustica.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Nicotiana clevelandii, N. benthamiana.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium quinoa (L), Gomphrena globosa (L), Nicotiana clevelandii (W), Nicotiana benthamiana (W).

Susceptible host species

• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita pepo
• Cynara scolymus
• Gomphrena globosa
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Ocimum basilicum
• Vigna unguiculata

Insusceptible host species

• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Phaseolus vulgaris

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/2)
• Compositae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (2/2)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/2)
• Solanaceae (3/5)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/2)
• Solanaceae (2/5)

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 85-90 °C. LIV: 84 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 6. Leaf sap contains many virions.

Purification method

Gallitelli et al. (1985).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 30 nm in diameter; rounded in profile; with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 132 S. Density 1.35 g cm^-3 in CsCl.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 18 % nucleic acid; 82 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 4.789 kb. Genome unipartite; largest (or only) genome part 4.7 kb. Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Gallitelli et al. (1985); SDS. Infectivity retained when deproteinised with proteases; retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent. Poly A region absent. Additional factor not required for infectivity.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• X16060 Em(40)_vi:TOAMCVCP Gb(84)_vi:TOAMCVCP Artichoke mottled crinkle virus (AMCV) genomic RNA for coat protein. 9/93 1,718bp.
• X51456 Em(40)_vi:CRTRNA Gb(84)_vi:CRTRNA Artichoke mottled crinkle virus genomic RNA 3´ terminal region. 9/93 2,200bp.
• X62493 Em(40)_vi:AMCVCG Gb(84)_vi:AMCVCG Artichoke Mottled Crinkle Virus complete genome. 5/92 4,789bp. 3 sequences.

Features of the genome

Features of the genome: in the 3´-terminal region of the genome (c. 2.2 kb) there are 3 ORF's and a non coding region of 349 nucleotides. ORF₁ 41kDaprotein, nucleotides 79-1242. ORF₂ 22kDaprotein, nucleotides 1283-1849. ORF₃ 19kDaprotein, nucleotides 1315-1830.

Non-genomic nucleic acid found in the virions; is subgenomic mRNA and satellite RNA. Sub-genomic mRNA found in infected cells; about 2.1 kb and 1 kb.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 41049; coat protein. Method of preparation: Laemmli (1970).

Replication

Genome replicates in cytoplasm. Replication does not depend on a helper virus. Acts as helper for a satellite RNA (0.7 kb).

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, roots, mesophyll, epidermis, meristems, vascular parenchyma, xylem, phloem and companion cells; in cytoplasm, in nuclei, and in cell vacuoles. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the cytoplasm and crystals in the nucleus; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Tombusvirus: Tombusviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Several tombusviruses; see Koenig and Gibbs, and Martelli et al. (1988 and 1989).

Comments and References

References

• Gallitelli, D., Hull, R. and Koenig, R. (1985). J. gen. Virol. 66: 1523.
• Gallitelli, D. and Hull, R. (1985). J. gen. Virol. 66: 1533.
• Grieco, F. and Gallitelli, D. (1990). Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 1300.
• Koenig, R. and Gibbs, A.J. (1986). J. gen. Virol. 67: 75.
• Laemmli, U.K. (1970). Nature, Lond. 227: 680.
• Martelli, G.P., Gallitelli, D. and Russo, M. (1988). In: The Plant Viruses, Vol. 3, Polyhedral Virions with Monopartite RNA Genomes, p.13.; ed. R. Koenig. Plenum Press, New York.
• Martelli, G.P., Russo, M. and Gallitelli, D. (1989). AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 352, 8pp.
• Quacquarelli, A., Martelli, G.P. and Russo, M. (1966). Phytopathol. Medit. 5: 164.
• Russo, M., Martelli, G.P. and Quacquarelli, A. (1967). Virology 33: 555.
• Russo, M., Martelli, G.P. and Quacquarelli, A. (1968). Virology 34: 679.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 16^th January 1997.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.